Giovanni di Paolo

c. 1403; † 1482 - 15th century - Quattrocento - Sienese School

Giovanni di Paolo di Grazia was a prolific 15th-century Italian painter and manuscript illustrator, recognized as a leading figure of the Sienese School. While his early work reflected traditional Sienese masters, his later style evolved into an individualistic, International Gothic-influenced aesthetic marked by elongated forms and cool, harsh colors.

Many of his pieces feature a distinct, dreamlike atmosphere—such as the surreal Miracle of St. Nicholas of Tolentino (c. 1455, Philadelphia Museum of Art)—while his late works, like The Last Judgment (c. 1465) and Assumption (1475), offer grotesque treatments of religious themes. Though his reputation declined after his death, interest in his unique style was revived in the 20th century.

The Fondazione Federico Zeri provides the most comprehensive database available for Italian art of this era and from this master. The Federico Zeri Catalogue lists 182 unique works (see list 🔗) under Giovanni di Paolo.

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